26. Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths， where most of the energy
of sunlight is concentrated，to pass through，they absorb some of the longer-wavelength，
infrared emissions radiated from the Earth’s surface，radiation that would otherwise be
transmitted back into space. (4)虽然这些分子允许可见波长(visible wavelength)的辐射——
阳光的绝大部分能量就汇集于此——不受阻挡地穿透，但它们却会吸收某些较长波长
(longer-wavelength)，亦即从地球表面辐射出的红外发射(infrared emission)，这种辐射若
不是二氧化碳的缘故就会被重新输送回太空。难句类型：复杂修饰、抽象词
27. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human
behavior but one of imposing constraints—ways of feeling，thinking，and acting that
"come naturally" in archetypal situations in any culture. (4)
这些人类学家所归诸于生物进化的作用，不是规定人类行为的种种细节，而是将各种限制强
加于人类——即在任何文化的典型情景中都会“自然表露”的情感、思维、以及行动方式。难
句类型：复杂修饰、省略
28. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human
morphology for the “details” versus “constraints” distinction made in the passage in relation to
human behavior? (5)以下哪一个选项最有可能为文章中所谈到的与人类行为有关的“人类
行为细节”相对“人类所受限制”之间的差异，从人类形态的角度上提供了一个合适的类比?
难句类型：复杂修饰、抽象词
29. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did
not prove， that the grazers had removed most of the algae. (3+)
在存在大量食草动物的同时却只有少量的水藻花粉囊，这暗示出——但没能证明——食草动
物已吞噬了大部分水藻。难句类型：插入语
30. Perhaps the fact many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be
collected in a net (net phytoplankton), a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton
(nannoplankton) that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on , led to a de-emphasis of the
role of grazers in subsequent research. (5)可能这样一个事实，那就是很多这样的最初的研
究只是考虑了那些能够用网捞起来的大小的水藻，这样一个忽视了更小的浮游生物(而这些
浮游生物我们现在知道是捕食者主要的食物)的做法，导致了在接下来的研究中对于捕食者
的作用的贬低。难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语
31. Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing rates by measuring
feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory and then computing
community grazing rates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers.
(5)
由哈格雷夫(Hargrave)和吉恩(Geen)所进行的研究，对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行
了估计，其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率，然后利用已知的食
草动物种群密度，计算出实地状况下的群落捕食速率。难句类型：复杂修饰
32. In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance，that is，in the late spring and in the
summer， Haney recorded maximum daily community grazing rates，for nutrient-poor lakes
and bog lakes，respectively，of 6.6 percent and 114 percent of daily phytoplankton production.
(3+)
在浮游动物数量激增的高峰期，亦即在春季后期以及夏季，哈尼记录了最大程度上的每日群
落食草比率，对于营养物不充足的湖和沼泽湖而言，分别为每日浮游植物繁殖量的6.6%和
114%.难句类型：插入语
33. The hydrologic cycle，a major topic in this science，is the complete cycle of phenomena
through which water passes，beginning as atmospheric water vapor，passing into liquid and solid
form as precipitation，thence along and into the ground surface，and finally again returning to the
form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration. (4)
水文循环(hydrologic cycle)，作为该学科中的一个主要课题，指的是水所经过的诸现象的
整个循环过程，开始时是作为大气中的水蒸气，转而作为雨、雪、露、雹一类的降水量经过
液体和固体形态，由此而沿着地层表面分布或进入地层表面，最终通过蒸发和散发作用再度
回复到大气水蒸气的形态。难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略
34. Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries that associate the water within
it the hydrologic cycle may the entire system properly be termed hydrogeologic.(4)
只有当一个系统拥有自然的或人工形成的边界来把边界中的水与水文循环联系起来的时候，
才有可能把整个的系统恰当的成为与水文地质学有关。难句类型：复杂修饰、倒装
35. The historian Frederick J. Turner wrote in the 1890’s that the agrarian discontent that had
been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated by the
closing of the internal frontier——that is，the depletion of available new land needed for further
expansion of the American farming system. (4)史学家弗雷德里克.杰.特纳(Frederick J.Turner)
于十九世纪九十年代著述道，美国约自18世纪70年代以来一直在持续不断发展的农民不满，
由于国内边远地区(internal frontier)的封闭而更趋加剧——亦即是说，美国农业系统进一
步扩展所必需的可资利用的新土地几近耗竭。
