GMAT考试中有一个值得同学们重视的题目就是逻辑题，这种
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GMAT OG逻辑题目解析第十三题
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Sviatovin is a medieval Moringian text whose author and exact date of composition are unknown. However, the events in the life of Prince Sviatov that the text describes occurred in 1165, and in the diagram of Sviatov’s family that accompanies the text his father, who died in 1167, is identified as still living. Thus Sviatovin must have been written between 1165 and 1167, assuring that.
翻译：
下列哪项最符合逻辑地将以下论证文章补充完整?
Sviatovin是一个中世纪的Moringian文本，它的作者和写作的确切日期不明。然而，文中描写的Sviatov王子的生平故事发生在1165年。 并且在附文的Sviatov家庭图表中，出现了于1167年去世的S王子之父，在图画中仍然活着。 因此Sviatovin一定是在1165年至1167年之间写的，假定以下条件成立的话: 。
(A) the life of Prince Sviatov is not the subject of any other medieval Moringian texts
(B) the author of Sviatovin intended it to provide as accurate a report about Prince Sviatov’s exploits as possible
(C) the diagram accurately represents the composition of Sviatov’s family at the time Sviatovin was written
(D) Sviatovin is the earliest Moringian text whose composition can be dated to within a few years
(E) Sviatovin was not written by Sviatov’s father himself
(A) 王子Sviatov的生活不是任何其他的中世纪Moringian文本的主题
(B) Sviatovin的作者旨在提供尽可能准确的对王子Sviatov的记录
(C) 图表准确地反映出Sviatovin被写作时Sviatov的家庭构成
(D) Sviatovin是最早的可以在几年内追溯到写作日期的Moringian文本
(E) Sviatovin 不是Sviatov的父亲写的
解析：
A选项关注有没有其他文本描写S王子，跟论证结论无关。
B选项关注文本中描述的准确性，不能支持。
C选项确切说明：如果文中由图画中人物推测出文本写作时间的结论要成立，必须建立在图画真实准确反应史实的基础上，不然就不能用作推测出结论的依据了。
D选项关注文本的写作时间是不是最早，与文中结论无关。
E选项 如果是他父亲写的，还能说明写作时间最晚追溯到他父亲的死亡。而E选项说不是他父亲写的，就无法作为推测出写作时间的证据了。
GMAT OG逻辑题目解析第十四题
Maize contains the vitamin niacin, but not in a form the body can absorb. Pellagra is a disease that results from niacin deficiency. When maize was introduced into southern Europe from the America in the eighteenth century, it quickly became a dietary staple, and many Europeans who came to subsist primarily on maize developed pellagra. Pellagra was virtually unknown at that time in Americas, however, even among people who subsisted primarily on maize.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the contrasting incidence of pellagra described above?
(A) Once introduced into southern Europe, maize became popular with landowners because of its high yields relative to other cereal crops.
(B) Maize grown in the Americas contained more niacin than maize grown in Europe did.
(C) Traditional ways of preparing maize in the Americas convert maize’s niacin into a nutritionally useful form.
(D) In southern Europe many of the people who consumed maize also ate niacin-rich foods.
(E) Before the discovery of pellagra’s link with niacin, it was widely believed that the disease was an infection that could be transmitted from person to person.
翻译：
玉米中含有一种维生素烟酸，但它在玉米中的构成形式是人体不可吸收的。糙皮病是一种因缺乏烟酸导致的疾病。18世纪时，当玉米从美洲引入到欧洲南部后，它迅速成为主食，许多主要吃玉米的欧洲人来得了糙皮病。然而，当时在美洲，即使是在主要吃玉米的人当中，糙皮病其实都还是未知的。
下列哪项，如果为真时，最有助于解释如上所述中糙皮病的不同发病率呢?
(A) 玉米被介绍到欧洲南部后成为地主当中流行的食物，因为其相对其他谷物产量高。
(B) 在美洲种植的玉米比在欧洲种植的玉米含有较多的烟酸。
(C) 在美洲，烹调玉米的传统方式将玉米中的烟酸转换成营养可用的形式。
(D) 在欧洲南部的许多吃玉米的人也吃烟酸丰富的食物。
(E) 发现糙皮病与烟酸有关之前，它被广泛认为是可以从人到人传播感染的。
解析：
A选项说明玉米流行的人群和原因，但是不能解释为何欧洲人多得病而美洲人不得病。
B选项成立的话，文中现象就更奇怪了，叶酸摄入更多的美洲人为何不得病呢?不能解释。
C选项正确，说明了是因为美洲人烹调准备玉米的方式不同，转化了不易吸收的叶酸，所以不得病。
D选项不但没解释欧洲人和美洲人得病现象不同，还让现象更奇怪了。得病是因为缺乏叶酸，欧洲人吃了富含叶酸的食物为何还是得病呢?
E选项的内容讲述人们当时的想法，认为病跟叶酸无关，也不能解释文中矛盾现象。
GMAT OG逻辑题目解析第十五题
Which of the following most logically complete the passage?
A recent government study links the high rates of respiratory ailment in Groverston to airborne pollutants released by the Woodco plywood manufacturing plant there. To address the problem, the government imposed strict regulations on emissions which will go into effect in four years. Although Woodco plans to cut its emissions in half two years ahead of schedule, it is unlikely that the rate of respiratory ailments will decline before the regulations go into effect, since .
(A) the number of facilities capable of treating respiratory ailments is not likely to increase
(B) reducing emissions even further than planned would necessitate decreasing production at Woodco
(C) it is difficult to make accurate, long-term predictions about emissions
(D) not all respiratory ailments are caused by airborne pollutants
(E) three new plywood manufacturing plants are about to go into production in Groverston
翻译：
下列哪项最符合逻辑的将文章补充完整?
最近的一项政府研究将呼吸道疾病在Groverston的高发病率和Woodco胶合板生产厂排放的空气污染物联系起来。为了解决这个问题，政府实施了严格的将在四年内生效的关于排放的规定。虽然Woodco计划提前两年将其排放量削减一半，呼吸系统疾病的发病率还是不太可能在法规生效之前下降，因为。
(A) 能治疗呼吸系统疾病的机构数量是不太可能增加
(B) 比计划之中更进一步减少排放量将必需减少Woodco的生产量
(C) 做出准确的，长期的排放量预测是很难的
(D) 并不是所有的呼吸系统疾病是由空气中的污染物造成的
(E) 三个新的胶合板生产厂即将在Groverston投产
解析：
整篇文章关注的是空气污染物排放和呼吸道疾病之间的因果关系，A选项和B选项与文章结论无关。
C选项也不能对原文结论进行支持，只能说明能得出的结论不明朗，很难做到准确。
D选项对原文中的因果关系进行削弱，指出其他原因可能存在，不支持结论。
E选项正确，直接导致文章结论中的结果发生。W厂受到法规约束减少排放，而其他的厂让可能排放污染物，导致患病率不降。
